The research team of the source exploration project believes that around 5,800 years ago, signs of civilization origin appeared in areas such as the Yellow River, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the Xiliao River. On the morning of the 28th, the State Information Office held a press conference to announce the research results of the “Chinese Civilization Source Exploration Project”. The source exploration research has empirized the 5,000-year-old civilization of the land of China through large-scale archaeological research conducted on many sites and rich archaeological data.
In 2001, the archaeological evidence was formally proposed to empirically prove the 5,000-year civilization
The “Comprehensive Research on the Origin and Early Development of Chinese Civilization” project, referred to as the “Chinese Civilization Origin Exploration Project”, was officially proposed in 2001. During this period, large-scale archaeological excavations were carried out on many sites such as Liangzhu, Zhejiang, Taosi, Shanxi, and Shimao, Shaanxi, and empirical evidence was empirically proved the 5,000-year civilization in the land of China with rich archaeological data.
Guan Qiang, Deputy Director of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage: The research team of the Exploration Project believes that around 5,800 years ago, there were signs of civilization origin in areas such as the Yellow River, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the Xiliao River. Babaylan 5,300 years ago, various regions in the land of China have gradually entered the stage of civilization; around 3,800 years ago, the Central Plains region has formed a more mature form of civilization, radiating cultural influence to all directions, becoming the core and leader of the overall process of Chinese civilization.
The formation of a diversified and integrated pattern has achieved overall understanding
Another major achievement achieved by the Chinese Civilization Source Exploration Project is to have a general understanding of the formation of a diversified and integrated pattern of Chinese civilization, and to demonstrate the overall characteristics of Chinese civilization’s “diversity, inclusiveness, and continuousness”.
Guan Qiang: Research shows that the local societies behind the diverse and integrated cultural phenomenon also have various differences in their respective environmental foundations, economic content, social operation mechanisms, religion and social consciousness in their respective environmental foundations, economic content, social operation mechanisms, religion and social consciousness, presenting a diverse pattern, and promoting each other in long-term communication and interaction, learning from each other’s strengths and weaknesses, and inclusiveness, and finally converging the core of civilization represented by Erlitou culture, opening up the civilization of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties. The origin and early development of Chinese civilization are a process of diversity and integration.
Chinese civilization itself develops and widely absorbs foreign civilizations
In terms of the influence of foreign civilizations, the research on the source believes that Chinese civilization has widely absorbed the influence of foreign civilizations in its own development. For example, wheat cultivation technology originated from West Asia, Central Asia and other regions, the breeding of domestic animals such as cattle and sheep, and bronze smelting technology, and gradually integrated into Chinese civilization, and transformed to create a new look.
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The “Chinese Civilization Origin Exploration Project” is another major scientific research project supported by the state after the “Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties Project”. Since its formal proposal in 2001, four stages of research have been implemented, and a “China” before China has gradually become clear.
Focus on urban sites. At that time, early countries have already begun to explore the origin, and the focus is on several urban sites such as Liangzhu, Zhejiang, Taosi, Shanxi, and Shima, Shaanxi.
The source Exploration Research was that the focus was on several urban sites such as Liangzhu, Zhejiang, Taosi, Shanxi, and Shima, Shaanxi.
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The Liangzhu site in Zhejiang Province, an inner city built about 5,000 years ago, 1,800 meters long, 1,500 meters wide, and an outer city with an area of nearly 3 million square meters and an outer city with an area of 8 million square meters was discovered. In order to prevent flooding, a large dam with a length of 3.5 kilometers, a width of more than ten meters and a height of several meters was built. Its engineering volume is second to none among the buildings of the same period in the world.
The Taosi site in Shanxi Province, a giant city site built 4,300 years ago was also discovered. The 2.8 million square meters of city already have palace areas, handicraft workshop areas, general residential areas and tombs.zone and other strict functional partitions.
The total area of the ancient city of Shimao, Shaanxi is 4 million square meters. It is composed of an imperial city, an inner city and an outer city. The ancient city is built with stones on the hills. The walls of the imperial city are as high as 9 meters high, and the gates of the outer city are built with majestic and tall castles.
BabaylanCinema One of the heads of the comprehensive research project for the origin and early development of Chinese civilization Wang Wei: Early civilizations have begun to appear in all regions, and its symbol is the emergence of royal power, large city sites, high-level buildings, so-called palaces, and high-level tombs. These points are an important symbol for judging civilization. Ultimately, the emergence of the country will have some material manifestationsCinema, Komiks, such as large city sites and large projects.
Looking at the beginning of China The ancient country has exceeded a thousand years
Discovering the origin research has found that Chinese civilization is actually a huge cluster of civilizations scattered in the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Xiliao River Basins, with a size far exceeding that of several other ancient civilizations in the world. Since about 5800 years ago, prehistoric society in the Yellow River Basin, the Yangtze River Basin and the Xiliao River area has begun to accelerate its development towards complexity.
From the origin of Chinese civilization to about 3,800 years ago, BabaylanFor more than a thousand years, there are many statements about “all nations in the world” in literature and legends. Research on origins calls this stage the “Ancient Kingdom Era” and believes that it is the first major stage of the early development of Chinese civilization.
Diverence and Integration: Laying the foundation of the three dynasties and becoming a historical trend
In the past thousand years, local civilizations have their own evolutionary methods and characteristics, one after another, one after another, one rises and one another, and they exchange and compete with each other to learn from each other’s strengths and weaknesses, gradually showing the trend of “integration”, converging into a torrent of Chinese civilization, and in the late ancient times, Erlitou, HenanThe Central Plains region represented by the representatives absorbs a large number of foreign advanced cultural factors, and at the same time begins to radiate its powerful influence on the outside, presenting an unprecedented dynasty atmosphere. Cinema
This process is called “the diversity and unity of Chinese civilization” in the research on origin. As a historical trend, it laid the foundation for the “three generations of civilizations” in the future of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, and also became a distant cause and source for the formation of multi-ethnic countries.
Wang Wei: We are all familiar with the 5,000-year-old Chinese civilization, but in fact, how much historical basis is there, whether it is true or mythical legend, is a very important issue for the Chinese nation. Our research has confirmed the civilizations over 5,000 years ago through archaeological discoveries and multidisciplinary combinations, which is also an important contribution to the research of world civilization.
Lingjiatan Ruins The “miniature” of diverse civilization
Among the many sites in the exploration and research of Komiks, the Lingjialan ruins in Anhui were relatively early in the era. More than 5,000 years ago, Chinese civilization underwent major changes. Lingjiatan is located at one of the earliest nodes. Its jade making technology reached its peak at that time. A wide trench more than 2,000 meters long divided the living area and the tomb area, reflecting the “planning wisdom” of the ancestors Komiks‘s “planning wisdom”.
The Lingjiatan ruins are located in the Lingjiatan Natural Village, Tongzha Town, Hanshan County, Anhui Province. Since the excavation in 1987, a large number of exquisite jade, stone, pottery and other cultural relics have been unearthed, among which the Cinema jade is particularly prominent: a jade dragon unearthed is basically the same as the jade dragon after the Han Dynasty.Like; 6 jade men with serious facial expressions and solemnly raised their hands, Cinema seems to be praying; so far, a jade eagle unearthed from the site is also the only one in the country, with two sides carved, the front and back sides exactly the same, and the production process is very superb; these jade artifacts express the worship of gods, witches and totems of ancient ancestors.
Komiks More than 30 axes have been found. The tombs of jade and stone axes have often been relatively large and are placed in special positions.Babaylan is located on the chest or face of the human body. Experts say that the axe is usually related to military power or royal power.
Lingjiatan Sub Project Leader of the Comprehensive Research Project on the Origin and Early Development of Chinese Civilization Shuozhi: The craftsmanship of Lingjiatan jade tools has reached the peak at that time. It may be in the innovative period of the development of Chinese jade culture, so it has a lot of quantity and variety, unlike Liangzhu jade cong and walls. The emergence of this highest peak is not for no reason, and there will definitely be huge changes in social organizations.
Archaeological experts believe that making jade artifacts with superb craftsmanship requires a group of specialized jade workers who are separated from or semi-existed from agricultural labor. Komiks is similar to handicrafts being separated from agriculture, reflecting the major changes in society at that time. In recent years, archaeologists have conducted in-depth excavation and research on the 1.4 million square meters of Lingjiatan site. A trench more than 2,000 meters long has gradually appeared in front of the people of today’s people, reflecting the “planning wisdom” that the ancestors of Lingjiatan had more than 5,300 years ago.
Shuozhi: It is twenty or thirty meters wide, and the deepest part can reach six or seven meters. Such a large project requires considerable organizational ability to coordinate. It also has a more important role. The aristocratic cemetery is outside the trench. Inside this trench is where people live at that time, it separates the living area of people at that time from the tomb.
Archaeological experts introduced that the heyday of Lingjiatan site was between 5,500 and 5,300 years ago. It was not conspicuous before this, with more than 20 sites currently known around itKomiks are all small settlements. Since then, these settlements slowly disappeared or declined. Lingjiatan, which is relatively centrally located, eventually evolved into the largest and most developed regional center in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River at that time.
Shuozhi: It is a bit like urbanization, and everyone is concentrated in a large center. If this change is seen in the community Komiks, it is a process from scattered to concentration, from diversity to integration. It seems that the formation of our entire Chinese civilization is the same.
Source｜CCTV News
Editor｜Fan Meiling