Li Hongzhang Stills
Text/Yangcheng Evening News Reporter Xia Yang
Since the Opium War in 1840, China has gradually fallen into a semi-feudal and semi-colonial society, and the Chinese nation is facing “a major change that has not been seen in three thousand years”.
Although the signing of the Sino-British Nanjing Treaty was deprived of power and humiliating the country, the contradictions between China and foreign countries reached a temporary balance. At this time, China should have learned from the pain and seized the opportunity to work hard. But the Babaylan followed by the Babaylan was another series of domestic and foreign wars. The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement had not yet subsided, and the Second Opium War broke out again, and the British and French coalition forces fought all the way from southern China to Beijing.
Modern China is repeatedly invaded by foreign enemies. Data picture
Faced with internal and external difficultiesBabaylan and the nation’s peril, China is exploring the way to survive reform. Western forces opened the door to China with strong ships and powerful cannons, making the “old Cinema Empire” realize that they were really behind. Therefore, Lin Zexu, Wei Yuan and other pioneering ideas of “opening their eyes to see the world” gradually gained more recognition, and the call for learning from the West gradually became a social trend.
Learning from the West is the path of modernization in China. However, what to learn and how to learn tests the ruling people at that time.
Empress Dowager Cixi Stills
In this major change, there are two key figures who are most capable of determining the course of the ship in the Qing Dynasty: one is Empress Dowager Cixi, who began to rule behind the curtain in 1861 until she died in 908. She was the master of the Qing Dynasty for nearly half a century.
The other is Li Hongzhang, a “major official of the revival” in Li Hongzhang. He was in the 19th century. Komiks rose step by step in the war to wipe out the Taiping and Nian Army in the 1960s. He had long grasped the internal and external powers of the Qing government until he died of illness in 1901. He was regarded by Japanese Prime Minister Hirobuki Ito as “the only person in the Qing Empire who was capable of competing with the world’s powers.” Later, Cixi also regarded him as “a person who recreated Xuanhuang”.
Li Hongzhang, an important official in the late Qing Dynasty, Data picture
What to learn from the West? In the repeated failures of foreign wars, Li Hongzhang and other leaders of the Westernization faction had a dream of enriching the country and strengthening the army. Therefore, they proposed to “learning the barbarians to control the barbarians” and learn from the technical level.
With his efforts, the Westernization Movement was vigorously carried out, and quickly created a large number of military and civil industries such as ordnance, shipbuilding, railways, mining, textiles, and telegraphs, and adopted the “official supervision and business” method to attract private capitalCinema runs industry.
The Westernization Movement laid a certain foundation for modern industrialization Data Picture
Not disdain, the Westernization Movement has achieved great results. With the help of the latecomer advantage, China has achieved tremendous development in economy, science and technology, concepts and other aspects in a short period of time, quickly laid a certain industrial foundation for traditional agricultural countries, and profoundly changed the lives of the people.
In 1888, Komiks China’s first modern fleet, the Beiyang Navy, officially formed an army and became the most powerful naval force in Asia. This was the peak period of the Westernization Movement, known in history as “Tongguang ZTE”. Undoubtedly, Li Hongzhang was the “Zhongxing minister”. The whole country was complacent about the achievements of the Westernization Movement and believed that learning from the West had achieved great success.
Beiyang Navy Stills
However, it is this superficial effect that covers up the existence<a The Westernization Movement, the road to enriching the country and strengthening the army, has great limitations from the beginning. They are positioned as "Komiks Middle School as the body, and Western School as the use of Cinema, but still cannot let go of the superiority of the old empire, and only want to learn to decorate the storefront, and have not touched on fundamental issues such as the system.
When he started learning from the West two years later than the Qing government, it was a good reference system for Cinema. Also learning from the West, Japan carried out the Meiji Restoration, and comprehensively learned from the economy, military to politics, education, and carried out a more thorough social improvement in Komiks.
So, China-Japan-Shikar Negotiations State
As a “classmate”, China and Japan gradually widened the gap. Japan quickly completed the process of modernization and rose to become a powerful country in East Asia. The economic and social development momentum of the Qing Dynasty was quickly restricted by the corrupt political system.
Misfortune<a href="https://comicThe painful lesson came again. After Japan's rise, it launched the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895. The Beiyang Navy, known as the No. 1995-1895-1895, was wiped out by the Beiyang Navy, which was known as the No. 1 in Asia, also declared the bankruptcy of the Westernization Movement. From then on, Chinese society fell into deeper darkness.
China-Japan Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 Stills
In modern Chinese history, the second half of the 19th century was an excellent development opportunity, why did it not be able to grasp it better? Although this is restricted and hindered by conservative forces, Li Hongzhang, who are knowledgeable and hardworking to guide China’s progress, did not strive for more important and more critical reforms, and obviously there is a responsibility that cannot be shirked.
Looking back on history, the twists and turns and limitations in the exploration of China’s modernization path is sad.
The times have limitations, and individuals have limitations. The domestic and foreign affairs of the late Qing EmpireBabaylan was struggling and riddled with holes. Li Hongzhang alone supported the crisis and exhausted his efforts, and also href=”https://comicmov.com/”>Cinema has completed his mission. But he did not seize this opportunity to accelerate modernization and failed to complete the modernization process through peaceful improvement.
Modern China with many disasters and difficulties Data picture
And with the defeat of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, the Chinese nation stumbled into the 20th century. In the following half century, the Chinese people set off a wave of reform and revolution, and continued to be in chaos. Explore the road to rejuvenation and power in Komiks.
Source | Yangcheng Evening News·Yangcheng School Editor | Xia Yang