This morning, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage released the latest research results of the “Comprehensive Research on the Origin and Early Development of Chinese Civilization” in Beijing, that is, the “Chinese Civilization Source Exploration Project”. The Exploration Project is based on field archaeology and is supported by the joint research of the natural sciences and humanities and social sciences. It is a major scientific research project that studies ancient Chinese history and culture. Since the implementation of the fifth phase of the source exploration project in 2020, the space-time scope of research has been further expanded, focusing on the Niuheliang, Jianping, Jiaojia Site in Zhangqiu, Shandong, Liangzhu, Yuhang, Zhejiang, Xiangfen Taosi, Xiangfen, Shanxi, 29 core sites, including Shenmushima, Shaanxi, Erlitou, Yanshi, Henan, and Sanxingdui, Guanghan, Sichuan, etc., in deepening the origin and early development of Chinese civilization. While understanding the overall development stage, we focused on key time nodes and major events, carefully designed multi-disciplinary comprehensive research, and made a series of progress.
Deepening the understanding of the origin and early development of Chinese civilization
Project research believes that starting from about 5,800 years ago, Komiks 1960 witch cloth draw has successively appeared in various regions on China. It has entered the article Cinema 1950 witchThe accelerated phase of Ming’s origin can be divided into two eras from 5,800 years to 3,500 years ago, the ancient country era and the dynasty era, among which the ancient country era can be further subdivided into three small stages. Compared with the fourth stage of the Babaylan 1990 cloth draw in the origin exploration project, the understanding of the ancient country era is more deepened. Specifically:
The first stage of the ancient country era was about 5,800-5,200 years ago. Represented by the Niuheliang site in the Western Liaohe River Basin, archaeological excavations discovered and confirmed that the first location of the site was a large base building complex composed of 9 bases. The famous “Goddess Temple” where various clay sculptures were unearthed is located on one of the bases. This base is large in scale and has a remaining height of more than 4.6 meters. This discovery is of great significance to understanding the relationship and nature of the sacrificial nature of the architecture of Niuheliang at the first location.
古国时代第二阶段，大约为距今5200-4300年前后。 The Hongshan culture in the Xiliao River Basin began to decline, while civilizations in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River have embarked on different development paths. Social differentiation has been further highlighted, and the ability to mobilize social resources has been strengthened.
The Jiao Family Site has newly discovered the middle-term city site of Dawenkou culture, which is currently the earliest prehistoric city site in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. The newly discovered high-level tombs include the institutionalized manifestation of multiple coffins and burial jade and pottery ritual vessels, and is one of the sources of the materialization of Chinese civilization’s ritual system. In the past three years, archaeological work at the Liangzhu site has been carried out around the water conservancy system. The north of TangshanKomiks 1960 witch cloth drawNearly 20 new dams were discovered outside Zhuzhou, and signs of dams were also found in Jingshan, Deqing and other places farther away. In the C14th century, the Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw about 5,000 years ago, Babaylan 1990 clothes draw and Babaylan 1990 cloth drawThe original 11 dams belong to the same system. Komiks 1960 witch cloth draw
The third stage of the ancient country era was about 4300-3800 years ago. Social development in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River fell into stagnation, and the Central Plains and the Northern Regions later came to the forefront, and began a new round of civilized development, thus forming a historical trend centered on the Central Plains, laying the foundation for China’s historical development.
In 2022, the corner relief discovered at the Imperial City Platform of Shimao Ruins provides key evidence for the judgment of the age and nature of the building of the building of the building of the Imperial City Platform of Shimao Imperial City Platform. More than 200 meters west of the Datai base, stones were discovered for the first timeCinema 1950 witch cloth drawThe exclusive cemetery of the nobles distributed in rows of wall frames. The ruins of the TaoKomiks 1960 witch cloth drawThe ruins of the temple confirmed the largest known prehistoric rammed earth building site to date, with an area of 6,500 square meters and a total area of more than 540 square meters. It is the largest single rammed earth building in the Neolithic era discovered by archaeology.
After 3,800 years, it entered the dynasty era. Important progress has been made in archaeological work represented by the Erlitou site and the Sanxingdui site.
Many roads and walls on both sides of the road were newly discovered in the central area of the Erlitou site. draw walls. These roads and walls divide the capital of Erlitou into multiple square and regular grid areas, showing that the social structure at that time was obvious and the hierarchical order, implying that the Komiks 1960 witch cloth draw had mature and developed ruling systems and models, which was the most important sign of Erlitou’s entry into the dynasty country. The breakthrough work of the Sanxingdui site, Komiks 1960 witch cloth draw has initially understood the distribution range and internal structure of the sacrificial area, and has newly discovered and cleared a large number of important relics such as 6 “sacrificial pits” and unearthed more than 12,000 cultural relics (2,300 complete instruments). Research shows that the burial period of the 8 sacrificial pits was concentrated in the late Shang Dynasty and early Zhou Dynasty (that is, about 3,100-3,000 years ago).
Source | Yangcheng Evening News • Yangcheng School Comprehensive CCTV News, Xinhua News Agency Editor | Chen Ruizhi